Iceland's Best Waterfalls: 20 Stunning Cascades + How to Visit

Iceland, the land of fire and ice, is perhaps best known for its breathtaking waterfalls, which seem to emerge around every corner. From powerful thundering giants to delicate hidden cascades, these natural wonders are a highlight of any Icelandic adventure. This guide explores 20 of Iceland's most stunning waterfalls and provides practical advice for visiting them.

Why Iceland's Waterfalls Are Unforgettable

Fed by glaciers, rain, and snowmelt, Iceland's rivers plunge over ancient lava fields and dramatic cliffs, creating an unparalleled spectacle. Each waterfall possesses its unique charm, shaped by the surrounding geology, climate, and the sheer volume of water. Visiting these sites offers a chance to connect deeply with Iceland's raw, untamed nature.

Iconic Waterfalls on the Golden Circle

The Golden Circle route is a popular introduction to Iceland's natural beauty, featuring some truly magnificent waterfalls.

Gullfoss(Golden Falls):A two-tiered waterfall,Gullfoss is one of Iceland's most famous. Its powerful glacial water plunges into a deep canyon, often creating rainbows on sunny days. Part of the Golden Circle, it’s easily accessible and offers multiple viewing platforms.
Öxarárfoss:Located within Thingvellir National Park, also part of the Golden Circle, Öxarárfoss is unique because its waters are believed to have been artificially diverted centuries ago to supply water to the Althing parliament. It's a picturesque, smaller waterfall amidst the tectonic plates.
Brúarfoss:Known for its strikingly vivid blue water, Brúarfoss is a series of small cascades often called "Iceland's bluest waterfall." Access involves a pleasant hike, adding to its allure as a slightly more off-the-beaten-path experience near the Golden Circle.

South Coast Cascades: Giants and Hidden Gems

The South Coast is a waterfall paradise, home to some of Iceland's most photographed and accessible cascades.

Seljalandsfoss:Famous for its unique path that allows visitors to walk behind the cascading water, Seljalandsfoss offers an immersive and unforgettable experience, especially during the summer months.
Gljúfrabúi:A true hidden gem just a short walk from Seljalandsfoss. Tucked away inside a canyon, you'll need to wade through a shallow stream to reach it, revealing a magical, secluded waterfall.
Skógafoss:A majestic and powerful waterfall, Skógafoss drops 60 meters (200 feet) and is one of Iceland's largest. You can walk right up to its base to feel its immense power or climb the stairs to a viewing platform for panoramic views.
Kvernufoss:Another enchanting secret, Kvernufoss is found a short, easy hike from the Skógafoss parking area. Similar to Seljalandsfoss, you can walk behind its curtain of water, but with far fewer crowds.
Svartifoss (Black Falls):Located in Skaftafell Nature Reserve, Svartifoss is famous for its dark, hexagonal basalt columns that frame the white cascade. The columns inspired the architecture of Hallgrímskirkja church in Reykjavík City Center. It requires a moderate hike to reach.

The Mighty North: Power and Beauty

Northern Iceland boasts some of the country's most powerful and historically significant waterfalls.

Dettifoss:Widely regarded as Europe's most powerful waterfall,Dettifoss is a raw display of nature's force. The sheer volume of water thundering into the canyon is awe-inspiring. It's accessible from both the east and west banks.
Selfoss:Just upstream from Dettifoss, Selfoss is a wide, multi-tiered waterfall that offers a striking contrast to its more famous neighbor. It's often visited in conjunction with Dettifoss.
Goðafoss (Waterfall of the Gods):Renowned for its stunning horseshoe shape and historical significance, Goðafoss is where the lawspeaker Þorgeir Ljósvetningagoði reportedly cast his pagan idols into the falls, symbolizing Iceland's conversion to Christianity.
Aldeyjarfoss:A breathtaking waterfall located in the Highlands, Aldeyjarfoss features a striking contrast of white water against dark basalt columns, similar to Svartifoss but with a more remote, rugged feel. Access often requires a 4x4 vehicle.

West Iceland & Westfjords: Diverse Drops

From the Snaefellsnes Peninsula to the remote Westfjords, this region offers a diverse array of waterfalls.

Hraunfossar & Barnafoss:These two waterfalls are side-by-side yet vastly different. Hraunfossar is a series of gentle cascades that appear to flow directly out of a lava field, while Barnafoss (Children's Falls) is a powerful, turquoise torrent surging through a narrow gorge.
Kirkjufellsfoss:Often photographed with the iconic Kirkjufell mountain as its backdrop on the Snaefellsnes Peninsula, Kirkjufellsfoss is a beautiful, multi-tiered waterfall that changes character with the seasons.
Glymur:Once considered Iceland's tallest waterfall (now surpassed by Morsárfoss near Vatnajökull glacier), Glymur is a spectacular cascade that requires a challenging but rewarding hike through a beautiful canyon.
Dynjandi:The undisputed queen of the Westfjords, Dynjandi is a magnificent series of seven cascades that fan out like a bridal veil. It's truly a sight to behold and worth the journey to Iceland's remote northwest.

Highland & Lesser-Known Wonders

For those seeking adventure and solitude, Iceland's interior offers incredible, often less-visited waterfalls.

Háifoss:One of Iceland's tallest waterfalls, Háifoss plunges 122 meters (400 feet) into a dramatic canyon. It's a majestic sight, often visited alongside its neighbor, Granni. Access typically requires a 4x4 vehicle.
Gjáin:A lush, green oasis in the otherwise stark volcanic landscape of the Highlands, Gjáin features multiple small waterfalls and crystal-clear streams, creating a picturesque fairy-tale setting.
Þjófafoss (Thieves' Falls):Located in the Þjórsárdalur valley, Þjófafoss is a wide, powerful waterfall flowing over an ancient lava field, offering a striking view with the Hekla volcano in the distance. Access often requires a 4x4.

Tip:Many of Iceland's waterfalls are associated with local folklore. Ask guides or read up on the legends before your visit to add an extra layer of magic to your experience!

How to Visit Iceland's Waterfalls: Practical Advice

To make the most of your waterfall adventures, consider these practical tips:

Best Time to Visit

Summer (June-August):Offers the longest daylight hours, mildest weather, and all roads (including F-roads to the Highlands) are generally open. Waterfalls are at their fullest from snowmelt.
Shoulder Seasons (April-May, September-October):Fewer crowds, potential for Northern Lights, but weather can be unpredictable. Some F-roads may still be closed.
Winter (November-March):Magical, often partially frozen waterfalls and ice formations. Short daylight hours and challenging driving conditions. Many roads, especially to the Highlands, will be closed.

What to Wear & Pack

Waterproofs:A good quality waterproof jacket and trousers are essential. You will get wet from spray, especially walking behind waterfalls or on windy days.
Layers:Iceland's weather is highly changeable. Dress in layers that you can easily add or remove.
Sturdy Footwear:Waterproof hiking boots with good grip are crucial for slippery, uneven trails.
Camera Protection:Protect your camera gear from water spray with a waterproof bag or cover.

Driving & Accessibility

Ring Road:Many of the most popular waterfalls (Seljalandsfoss, Skógafoss, Goðafoss) are easily accessible just off the Ring Road (Route 1).
F-Roads:Waterfalls in the Highlands (like Háifoss, Aldeyjarfoss) often require navigating F-roads, which are unpaved, gravel mountain roads. These require a 4x4 vehicle and are only open during summer. Check road conditions before you go at road.is.
Parking:Most popular waterfalls have designated parking areas. Some may have a small parking fee.

Safety and Respect for Nature

Stay on Marked Paths:This protects both you and the fragile Icelandic environment. Cliffs can be unstable and slippery.
Heed Warnings:Pay attention to warning signs regarding slippery surfaces, falling rocks, or strong currents.
Leave No Trace:Pack out everything you pack in. Do not disturb flora or fauna.
Weather Awareness:Be prepared for sudden changes in weather, even in summer. Strong winds and rain can appear quickly.

Conclusion

Iceland's waterfalls are more than just beautiful sights; they are powerful expressions of the island's unique geological forces and a testament to its pristine wilderness. Whether you're chasing the rainbows at Gullfoss, walking behind Seljalandsfoss, or venturing into the remote Highlands for Háifoss, each cascade offers a memorable experience. Plan your journey, pack appropriately, and prepare to be mesmerized by the liquid heart of Iceland.