Driving in Iceland: Essential Tips for a Safe & Scenic Road Trip
Embarking on a road trip through Iceland is an unparalleled adventure, offering breathtaking landscapes at every turn. To ensure your journey is as smooth, safe, and memorable as the scenery itself, thorough preparation is key. This guide provides essential tips for navigating Iceland's unique roads and weather conditions.
Why Drive in Iceland?
The freedom of a self-drive tour in Iceland allows you to explore at your own pace, stopping whenever a stunning waterfall, a majestic glacier, or a charming village catches your eye. From the iconic Golden Circle to the remote beauty of the Westfjords, driving offers unparalleled access to the country's natural wonders.
Before You Go: Planning Your Icelandic Road Trip
Choosing the Right Vehicle
Your choice of vehicle is paramount to your Icelandic adventure. For most popular routes, like the Golden Circle or the main Ring Road (Route 1) during summer, a 2WD vehicle is usually sufficient. However, if your itinerary includes venturing into the Highlands, such as the Landmannalaugar Nature Reserve or Askja Caldera, or exploring the more rugged parts of the Westfjords, a 4x4 (four-wheel-drive) vehicle is absolutely essential. These areas often involve F-roads, which are unpaved, rocky, and may include river crossings, strictly requiring a 4x4 by law and rental agreements.
Understanding Rental Car Insurance
Standard rental car insurance often doesn't cover common Icelandic hazards. We highly recommend adding extra coverage, particularly:
- Gravel Protection (GP):Many roads, even sections of the Ring Road, are unpaved gravel. This covers damage to the paintwork, headlights, and windshield from loose stones.
- Sand and Ash Protection (SAAP):Especially important in the south, this covers damage caused by sandstorms and volcanic ash, which can strip paint and damage windows.
- Theft Protection (TP):While Iceland has a very low crime rate, it's always wise to have this.
- Tire Insurance:Punctures are not uncommon on gravel roads.
Always read your rental agreement carefully and understand what is and isn't covered. Damage to the undercarriage or doors due to strong winds is almost never covered.
Route Planning & Road Conditions
Iceland's road conditions can change rapidly. Before and during your trip, regularly check these essential websites:
- road.is:Provides real-time information on road closures, weather warnings, and conditions.
- safetravel.is:Offers comprehensive safety information, alerts, and allows you to leave your travel plan with them.
Be flexible with your itinerary. A sudden storm or road closure might require you to adjust your plans.
Packing Essentials
Even in summer, Iceland's weather can be unpredictable. Pack layers, including waterproof and windproof outerwear. Other essentials include a first-aid kit, a physical map (GPS can be unreliable in remote areas), extra water and snacks, and a portable charger for your devices.
On the Road: Driving Rules & Safety
General Driving Rules
- Headlights On:By law, headlights must be onat all times, day or night, regardless of visibility.
- Speed Limits:Generally 50 km/h in urban areas, 80 km/h on gravel roads, and 90 km/h on paved rural roads. Always adhere to posted limits.
- Seatbelts:All passengers, front and back, must wear seatbelts.
- Drinking and Driving:Iceland has a zero-tolerance policy for driving under the influence.
Single-Lane Bridges
You'll encounter many single-lane bridges, especially on the Ring Road. The rule is simple: the car closer to the bridge has the right of way. Approach cautiously, reduce speed, and be prepared to yield.
Gravel Roads
Many roads, including some popular tourist routes like those leading to Snaefellsnes Peninsula's more remote spots, are unpaved gravel. Drive slowly, reduce speed significantly on turns, and maintain a safe distance from other vehicles to avoid stone chips.
The Dangers of Stopping on the Roadside
It's tempting to stop anywhere to admire the view, but stopping on the side of the road, especially on main routes, is extremely dangerous and often illegal. Use designated viewpoints and parking areas only. Pulling over unsafely can lead to accidents and hefty fines.
Important Safety Tip:"Never stop your vehicle on the main road, especially where visibility is limited. Always pull over completely into designated parking areas or viewpoints."
Respecting Nature & Wildlife
Off-roading is strictly forbidden in Iceland to protect its fragile environment. Stay on marked roads and trails. You'll also encounter Icelandic sheep and occasional reindeer on or near the roads, especially in rural areas. Drive cautiously and be prepared to stop. Remember, livestock has the right of way.
Weather & Seasonal Considerations
Summer Driving (June-August)
Summer offers the mildest conditions and the famous midnight sun, allowing for longer days of exploration. Roads to popular destinations like the Golden Circle, including Gullfoss Waterfall and Strokkur Geysir, are generally clear. However, even in summer, sudden changes in weather, including strong winds and rain, are common. Highland F-roads typically open in late June or early July and close by September.
Winter Driving (October-April)
Winter driving in Iceland is a serious undertaking. Expect snow, ice, blizzards, and limited daylight hours. A 4x4 vehicle with studded tires (often standard with winter rentals) is highly recommended, if not essential, for winter travel outside of Reykjavík City Center. Always check road and weather conditions meticulously before setting out and be prepared for potential delays or detours.
Wind: Iceland's Hidden Hazard
High winds are a constant factor in Iceland, capable of damaging car doors if opened carelessly. Always hold your car door firmly when opening it, especially in exposed areas. Wind can also make driving challenging, particularly for larger vehicles or during storms, potentially causing you to lose control.
Fueling Up & Roadside Assistance
Gas Stations & Fuel Availability
Gas stations are readily available in and around towns, but they can be sparse in remote areas like the Westfjords or the Highlands. Plan your fuel stops, especially if venturing off the main Ring Road. Most stations are self-service and require a credit card with a PIN. It's wise to fill up whenever you see a station, even if your tank isn't empty.
Emergency Services
In case of an emergency, dial112for police, ambulance, or fire services. Ensure you have your rental car company's emergency contact number readily available. If your car breaks down, pull over safely, turn on your hazard lights, and contact your rental company for roadside assistance.
Popular Driving Routes & Destinations
The Ring Road (Route 1)
Circling the entire island, the Ring Road is Iceland's most famous route, offering access to diverse landscapes from the stunning Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon and Skaftafell Ice Cave in the south to the powerful Dettifoss waterfall in the north. Allow at least 7-10 days to comfortably complete the loop.
The Golden Circle
A classic day trip from Reykjavík City Center, the Golden Circle includes three iconic stops: Þingvellir National Park, the geothermal area with Strokkur Geysir, and the majestic Gullfoss Waterfall. It's easily accessible by 2WD vehicles year-round.
The South Coast
Driving along the South Coast reveals black sand beaches, dramatic cliffs, and stunning waterfalls. Highlights include the village of Vik, the Reynisfjara black sand beach, and the expansive Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon and nearby Skaftafell Ice Cave. This route is typically well-maintained.
Exploring the Highlands & Westfjords
For the truly adventurous, the Highlands and Westfjords offer unparalleled wilderness. Destinations like Landmannalaugar Nature Reserve and Askja Caldera are only accessible via F-roads, requiring a 4x4 and careful preparation. The remote Westfjords also feature numerous gravel roads and steep mountain passes, making a 4x4 a wise choice even outside of F-road areas.
Final Tips for an Unforgettable Journey
Embrace flexibility, as Iceland's weather can always throw a curveball. Allow extra time for spontaneous stops to admire the landscape or visit attractions like the Blue Lagoon. Drive responsibly, respect the fragile environment, and you'll be rewarded with an unforgettable road trip experience in the land of fire and ice.